There are many steps to complete a building that are sometimes important. Probably having a checklist of all the steps needed to build a building will make your job easier. In this article we have tried to describe all the steps in full. If you have any questions about these steps, you can contact Sagal Structural Contracting Company. See also our Team Projects portfolio at “Projects”.

To begin construction work, the site is first surveyed, the distance to the street, bridge, water resources, etc. is measured, and the soil investigated. Soil testing is done to ensure that the soil in the area is able to withstand the load of one or more floors. The area should be surveyed in terms of access to various locations to ensure that vehicles can pass through.

The next step is to map and map. If the structure is small, this is done manually using meters, strings and plaster, and if large, it is mapped with a camera. This stage is one of the most important steps in the construction of a structure and, if not done properly, can sometimes lead to the demolition of the building. At this point, the map is out of paper on the ground. In fact, it should be determined using different methods, the location of the foundations, the columns and so on.

Subsequent steps, which include the construction of the building, the implementation of the building’s delicate workings and the interior design of the building, will be described in three separate phases.
Phase I: Implementation of building structures

The process of implementing the first phase is as follows:

1- Getting a construction license

After deciding whether to construct a residential or commercial building, it is necessary to obtain the necessary permits, including a building permit. This license allows you to build and use some of their facilities in the urban environment. Property documents and things like land and identity documents, as well as appointing a supervising engineer, are things you will need to get a construction license.

2. Excavation

As soon as you get a construction permit, you can begin your construction process, and in the first step you will need to dig in and out. The initial map prepared by the structural engineer shows what the number of floors is and how long and how long the foundation should be laid. Never interfere with how a foundation is run.

3. Reinforcement

Once the grounding and excavation is over, you need to examine its status in terms of strength. This should also be done by the structural engineer and you will be told if you need any reinforcement. Depending on the ground conditions, you may even be asked to create one or two rows of stone walls to ensure the strength of the floor.

4. Installing the foundations of the building

When the excavation is completed, it is necessary to use a low-cement concrete, otherwise known as reinforcement, as well as to align the inner surface of the wick. Concrete is important unless it is to improve the quality of foundation and comfort performance in building reinforcement.

5- Reinforcement of building foundation

Until now, you are faced with one or more rows of pre-prepared building materials with all the engineering tips and principles applied to them. At this point, the structural engineer and supervising engineer will ask you to complete the foundation reinforcement process. At this point, you will be told what volume of bars and what diameter to use. The greater the number of floors in your building, the greater the density and diameter of the bars in the foundation reinforcement. If you do not have enough experience in this area, it is best to outsource it to a building contractor.

6- Building foundation molding

Finishing the foundation and reinforcing it ends with molding and concrete. On the other hand, direct contact of the concrete with the soil causes the moisture to drain out quickly and the quality of the concrete is lost. Structural engineers use metallic or wooden molds for this stage, which both prevents concrete and cement water from leaving, and preserves the original form of the foundation.

7- Building concrete

The last stage of the construction of the foundation is concrete. At this point, after removing the reinforcement and placing the molds, it is necessary to cover the space with concrete. Usually ready concrete is used at this stage and its quality and type are predetermined. Vibrating to remove porosity and air bubbles as well as adding some concrete additives to prevent the impact of environmental conditions are the things to do at this stage.

8- Manufacture and implementation of steel structure

When executing the foundation and its reinforcement, one must anticipate what the steel structure of the building looks like. If a steel frame is to be used, the column plate and its pedestals should be placed in the foundation body and the process of adjusting them, as well as the concrete. In the later stages, using a crane and welding process, it is easy to execute the steel structure. Of course, all parts of this skeleton should be under the supervision of a supervising engineer and under the supervision of a structural engineer.

9. Construction and implementation of concrete skeleton

If you have chosen to use concrete and reinforcement for building a skeleton, then you need to provide the required reinforcement and reinforced concrete, respectively, column molding, concrete molding and roofing, and the performance of each floor. Do the project individually. In terms of engineering and cost, concrete skeletons are a good option, but more time-consuming than steel ones.

10- Execution of the roof of the building

The roofing process is similar to the processes and tools used, as is the case with the flooring of the building, with the ceiling being covered by reinforcement using joists or other roofing fixtures. There are a number of options available for the roof, such as joist and block roofs, full roofs, Ubot roofs, Cubiax roofs and beams.

11. Exterior and interior porcelain wall of the building

The final phase of the initial phase of the construction involves the exterior and interior porcelain wall. In projects that use metal or concrete skeletons as their main body, the walls and the ceramics are very easy to assemble and do not require high precision to set the block or brick. You can use clay, lightweight blocks, prefabricated walls, or bricks to make the walls work.

After completing these steps, the construction of the building is finished and you will need to start the second phase.

Study Paper Phase II Building Construction, Installation Implementation